118) Multi mapping with out BPM?
Ans.1.Multimapping without BPM is possible if you have SP14.
2. Multimapping without BPM is possible only for 1:N scenario.
3. For N: 1scenario you have to use BPM.
4. Multimapping without BPM is possible ONLY for those adapters, which resides in the Java Stack.
119) What is collaborative process, collaboration agreement/collaboration knowledge?
Ans) Collobration Profile: It is nothing but the binding of the sender interface to the sender system to the receiver interface in the receiver system using the specific mapping.
Collaboration Agreements: It is nothing but the binding between sender/receiver systems, reciever/sender interface to the communication protocol/channel.
120) What is the context?
Ans)Context of an element is nothing but just the level (with reference to its parent node) where the XML tag appears in the given XML document.
121) What is WEB AS?
Ans) it is a Web Application Server for SAP.
122) What is Xpath?
Ans) its just path to XML tag. Path is an expression language for addressing portions of an XML document, or for computing values (strings, numbers, or boolean values) based on the content of an XML document. Path is also a specification of the XML family. Using XPath you can address any node in an XML document. XSLT implements XPath expressions to select substructures of an XML document. Using templates in XSLT you can define the mapping rules for the selected substructures.
123) What is payload?
Ans) payload is actual content of message (Business data).
124) What is difference between transport protocol and message protocol?
Ans) Transport protocol gives information about outside of message details, kind of system, security details. A transport protocol is a network protocol that has the capability of transferring some payload from one node to another, thus providing some level of transparency from the underlying network.
Transport protocols are used as a mechanism to move payloads around a network. Typically, a payload will have a transport binding associated with it. For example, SOAP (acting as a payload) has a predetermined binding for HTTP (a transport protocol). Some common transport protocols include: HTTP, HTTP-R, SMTP and BEEP. Message protocol gives you an idea of message type XI payload
125) What is Data types Message types and Message Interface?
Ans) Data types (DTD): defines a data structure (like the Java types int, String, double etc). Message types (XSD): defines the message structure, based on data types or standard XML types (like a defined variable of some type: int Counter = 0; String s = "aaa";)Message Interfaces (WSDL): defines the interface of a service that uses that message type to export/import data (like when you have a method that returns or consumes some parameters of determined types: int parseInt (String s) ).
126) What is DOM and SAX?
Ans) SAX is Simple API for XML, DOM is Document Object Model. SAX parser is a memoryless parser and is recommended when the XML structure is huge. DOM parser loads the entire XML into the memory and so when the XML size is to big, DOM parser is to be avoided.
127)Types of Monitoring?
Ans) a) CCMS b) PMI c) Adapter Framework
128) What is CCMS?
Ans) Central Component Monitoring System.
129) Under CCMS what are the monitoring are there?
Ans) Component Monitoring
130) What is PMI?
Ans) Process Monitoring Infrastructure.
131) Under PMI what are the monitoring are there?
Ans) a) Message Monitoring b) Performance Monitoring
132) Under Adapter Framework what are the monitoring are there?
Ans) Message alerting.
133) Types of RFCs?
Ans) tRFC and qRFC.
134) What is R/3 connection type and when we use it?
Ans) use when u wants to establish an rfc connection between two sap systems. say for example. r3 and xi box. u would use r3 connection
135) What is TCP/IP connection type and where we use it?
Ans) use this when connecting to external systems.
136) When we use XI Adapter?
Ans) basically XI adapter is used in case of ABAP and JAVA proxies.
137) When will we go for Multi-Mapping?
Ans) In ccBPM We can use Multi Mapping.
138) What is Message Mapping?
Ans) Message Mapping is used to transform your Source XML into the target XML structure.
139) What is Value Mapping?
Ans) converting a value in the source to another in target) Value Mapping is used for specific mapping structures / mapping rules. Example, Currency Conversion Mapping Rules. Instead of creating this conversion rule in every mapping program, you can create a VALUE mapping that is stored in a value mapping table and use this is your Message Mapping and There by save up redundant mapping logic. Also, if the conversion rate changes, if you have used value mapping, you need to make a change only in once place and result will be reflected in every mapping. If value mapping was not used , then you would have had to make the change in all mapping programs.
140) What are the Steps required to configure a scenario?
Ans) 1. Create your communication channel.
the communication channel is the means using which XI gets and passes information. XI can understand only XML and so, the communication channels ( or adapters ) do the task of passing XML messages to and from XI. If the message is not in XML format, content conversion is performed at the Adapter.
2. Create your sender and receiver agreement.
Whenever XI is the recipient of some information, you create a sender agreement for the corresponding adapter, sender system and sender interface. Whenever XI is going to send some information to an external system, as the external system is the recipeint of the information, create a receiver agreement for the same.for IDOC and HTTP adapters, no sender agreement is required.
3. Receiver Determination: In this stage, you tell XI, the recipient Interface of the scenario. You can also provide conditions on which the receiver is determined.
4. Interface Determination: The stage where the Inbound Interface and the Interface mapping program are defined. Conditional Interface determination is also possible.
141) Testing tools for XI?
Ans) Mercury load runner.
142) Types of Business Objects?
Ans) Business systems, Business Services, Business Process
143) What is header mapping?
Ans: Header mapping is a part of the collaboration agrement and allows you to overwrite specific fields of the header add payload information to the xi message header.
144) Configuration steps?
Ans) specify inbound message
Specify outbound message
Define message processing
Confirm configuration data
145) What is CIM?
Common Information model, XI has developed means Ans) CIM the SLD is for central repository of information about software and system in the data center, expressed in Common information model. CIM was developed by DMTF (Distributed Management Task Force). It is an industry consortium whose goal is to enable management of IT systems in distributed environment using webstandars.
146) Purpose of JMS Adapter?
Ans) The JMS adapter (Java Message Service) enables you to connect messaging systems to the Integration Engine or the PCK.
147) Purpose of Look UP?
Ans) To perform application-level validation of the data, before sending it to the backend. To populate fields of the XML document with some additional data found in the backend application.
148) How many transport mechanism are there?
Ans) a) File Level Transport - Files are exported and imported into SAP XI OS level folders of development and QA respectively. This is relatively easy as there is no need of setting up any additional software's but its risky as the process is not automated as the files have to be FTP'ed from development to QA XI boxes and any failure of the transport cannot be tracked and audit logs will not be available.
b). Change Management System (CMS): This is a GUI based tool, which has to be installed on the XI box for providing the user-friendly browser which is used for automating the transport mechanism and tracking any transport failures. However there is an initial level effort for setting up the CMS and stabilizing it.
149) What is URN and URL?
Ans) urn means uniform resource navigator, which does'nt uses any protocal in which while giving this urn it should be unique in ur system.url means uniform resource locator, which uses the protocal i.e http.
150) What are mapping lookups?
Ans) you can use mapping lookups to check some values.
151) What is Correlation Step?
Ans) correlation are the one that are used to make some relation between objects
like in bpm suppose u r collecting some idocs and after colecting some idocs u bunch them and send it to receiver then u need to define a corelation variable which will collect the idocs on the basis of this corelation variable.
152) Can anybody tell me what is trex and how it is related with xi?
Ans) TREX is a product from SAP for searching and classifying large collections of documents. TREX stands for SAP NetWeaver Search and Classification (TREX) finds information in both structured and unstructured data.
TREX is a like a search engine which provides SAP applications to search structured and unstructured data.And it can read the images for the searching query.
153) What is the purpose of using context object in IR??
Ans) Context Object is simply pointer to a specific XML tag. if you want to simplify your delopment you can define Context object for some fields and use the context objects. many message types come with their own context objects
154) What are the Roles of an XI Architect-
1) Get the Functional Specification/Business Requirments
2) Set up the Procedures/Process
3) Give the solution Roadmap
4) Design the Solution
155) Roles of an XI developer-
1) Develop the Technical Specification (sometimes part of Architect)
2) Develop the Interfaces according to the requirement
- All ABAP/Java Developments
- Design/Configuration
3) Test the scenario
156) What are the BPM tcodes?
Ans) SWF_XI_ADM_BPE
SWF_XI_ADM_BPE_DISP
SXMB_ADM_BPE
SXMB_MONI_BPE
157) what are the use of BPM patterns?
Ans) Patterns are more like example where u can refer to the IS or u can make use of those in ur scenario
SWEQADM - Check Events
RSWELOGD- Delete Event trace
SWEL- Display Event trace
SWELS - Switch on Event trace
SWI1- Processes and work items,
SWF_XI_SXPR - Restart workflow with errors
SWF_XI_SWI14 - To find workflow log by interface name &namespace.
SWF_SI_SWI2_DIAG -Diagnosis process with errors.
158) I have doubt on data type and message type.why we are mapping the message type why not data type? What is the difference between data type and message type?
Ans) data types just define the abstract XSD structure . but since In XI we are using XML langauge. so We need a Root element in our message. that root element is added by Message type.
159) Where will store data type and message types and interface types?
Ans) Enterprise Service Repository
160)Why do we need Web Start?
Ans) 1) Java Web Start is used to deploy standalone java applications over the network. When it comes to XI, the Integration Repository and Directory require specific Java client software, which is stored on the Integration Server and will be automatically installed on the client side using Java Web Start. This client software can be used during design time to develop new interfaces and mappings and to configure services, routings and mappings. As it allows applications to be started from the Internet using a web browser.
161) What is cache and how many types of Caches are there in XI and what are their purposes?
Ans) Two Types
1) CPA cache: - CPA cache - is your Collaboration profile agreement cache, ie to mean it will contains the cache copy of all objects created during configuration time (ID).CPA (Collaboration profile agreement )Cache-mainly for J2EE engine/Adapter engine.
2) Runtime Cache:- Runtime cache - it will contain cache copies of all the objects in XI (IR/ID) and active version of all your objects during runtime.
162) What are the inbound queue and outbound queue?
Ans) smq1 outbound, smq2 inbound.
163) How to test FTP Connection?
Ans) using command prompt.
164) Different between HTTP and SOAP?
Ans) SOAP is used to connect with remote system. Http is resided in ABAP Stack. It uses native http format i.e no SOAP Envelops.For HTTP no need to create Sender communication channel,
165) Sender adapter is picked the file, no issues on sximb_moni but target side is no data?
Ans) First check Inbound quing using smq1 if no messages are in queue go to Transaction smq2. This is outbound queue. Go to message monitoring there u can find message from component there u can set adapterengine from drop down box and click disply and again click on start button there u can find messages.
166) if u don't gave FTP Connection details how will test the input message?
Ans) go to component monitoring click on Test message button there there u can give the payload.
167) What is value mapping?
Ans) Value mapping: value-mapping function to map different representations of an object to each other. You save the mapping rules for different objects in a value mapping table.
168) What is context object?
Ans) Context object is alternative to XPath; this will be used to access the content of an element in message in Runtime. This will be used create in IR, and refer in Message Interface, In ID we will define where it is to be used, Based on this runtime value we can route the message processing.
169) What is the SLD used for?* Repository used for storing landscape information. Its does not provide any landscape administration tools
* SLD manages software components and platform dependencies
* It acts as a central information provider for Net Weaver systems and other administration tools
* Facilitates Installations, upgrades and transports
170) What are the components of proxies?
Ans) a) Local Integration Engine b) Web Services Framework
Exchange Infrastructure (XI) is an Integral part of SAP Net weaver. Position of XI is in the process integration layer of Net weaver stack.The aim of XI is to integrate different versions of both SAP and non-SAP systems implemented on different platforms (Java, ABAP, and so on). XI enables you to implement cross-system business processes.XI is based on an open architecture, makes use of open standards and offers services that are essential in a heterogeneous and complex system landscape: namely a runtime infrastructure for message exchange, configuration options for managing business processes and message flow, and options for transforming message contents between the sender and receiver systems.
The application-specific contents are transferred from the sender to the receiver in a freely defined XML schema (XML: extended Markup Language) using the Integration Engine. The structure of a message is therefore determined by the interface data structures used.
The central concept is that, during the design phase, all interfaces required are initially developed independently of a platform and made available in the form of a WSDL description (WSDL: Web Service Description Language). Using this description you can, for example,
define mappings between interfaces without this having an effect on an existing system landscape. All design phase data is saved in the Integration Repository to be implemented later in a particular system landscape. In this second phase, the configuration phase, you can
select components, interfaces, and mappings saved in the Integration Repository that are appropriate for your system landscape and business processes, and assign them to each other in logical routing. The data resulting from this configuration process is saved in the
Integration Directory and you can call and evaluate it from the runtime of the Exchange Infrastructure.
Exchange Infrastructure can be used as a Middleware Engine to communicate in a distributed environment. The heart of XI is Integration Engine that is used for integrating different technologies using Standard Messaging techniques e.g. XML. Different mapping tools are available for mapping the distributed system, which can be mapped without having any expertise of Technical Details. As a real world example, XI can be helpful in integrating different banks with SAP R/3. XI Engine also support previous releases of SAP R/3 like 4.6C and have many more adapters to communicate with legacy systems.
SAP XI is an integration technology and platform for
1.SAP and Non-SAP systems,
2. A2A and B2B scenarios,
3. Synchronous and Asynchronous communication,
4. Cross component Business Process management and it include built-in engine for designing and executing integration process (Business process).
5. The goal of SAP XI is to provide single point of integration of all systems inside and outside the corporate boundary across technologies and organizational boundaries.
6. The important feature of XI is openness, flexible and transparency to the integration process. It is based on ESA and SOA.
7. The overall key concept of SAP XI is to drive integrated business process across heterogeneous and highly dynamic landscapes in a more manageable cost effective way.
8. The basic idea is to provide runtime infrastructure which allows heterogeneous systems to be tied together with fewer connections and at the same time, in order to connect those applications and let messages flow from one application to other, have a centralized storage of integration knowledge.
Modeling and design of messages, transformations, and cross-component Integration processes.
Configuration options for managing collaborative processes and message flow
Runtime for message and process management
Adapter Engine for integrating heterogeneous system components
Central monitoring for monitoring message flow and processes.
SAP XI supports internal company scenarios and cross-company scenarios.
What is an Integration Process (ccBPM) in XI/PI ?
Process is a sequence of changes in the attributes of a object. So Integration process is a process defined as cross system process for processing messages. It is used when you want to control and define the messages, Monitor the messages for cross component systems
The processing of Integration Process is also called as Cross Component BPM (ccBPM). The ccBPM is a stateful interaction model. It supports open standards like BPEL
Business Process Management (BPM) is an implementation methodology for the management of business process that interacts with people and systems both within and across the organization.
CcBPM can be designed in any of the Business Process Modeling tools like ARIS. In XI/PI you can design integration process in the Integration Repository->Graphical Process Builder. During runtime integration process is executed in the SAP Business Workflow engine.
When to use BPM
Control/Monitor the messages in XI
Collect/Merge the messages in XI
Split the messages in XI
To Multicast a Message
Send an Alert based on the very complex business logic. To integrate with cross component business process
Steps in the Integration Process Modeling:-
Messaging Relevant Steps-
Receive Step
Send Step
Transformation Step (Mapping)
Receiver Determination
Control Steps-
Block
Container Operation
Control Step
Fork
Switch
While Loop
Wait
What is the SLD used for?
Repository used for storing landscape information. Its does not provide any landscape administration tools
SLD manages software components and platform dependencies
It acts as a central information provider for NetWeaver systems and other administration tools
Facilitates Installations, upgrades and transports
What are the SAP Recommendations on the use of SLD?
SAP recommends that you use a single System Landscape Directory (SLD). The cost of running the SLD infrastructure increases with the number of SLD instances. In particular, adding a second SLD involves additional costs for synchronizing data between these two instances. From a cost perspective, it is preferable to configure a single SLD.
The following factors can make a multiple-SLD architecture necessary:
Legal constraints
Company Rules
Network Constraints (e.g. firewalls, availability of resources)
What does SLD use to communicate with client applications?
By using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
What are the 2 main areas of the SLD?
The Software Catalog describes the installed products and their constituent components.
The Systems Catalog describes the systems in the data center from two perspectives
The information from the software catalog is used by which component of the Integration Builder?
Integration Repository to organize development efforts. All design work in the Integration Repository is organized by Software Component Version. This makes sense, as interfaces logically belong to a software component and to a particular version.
The information from the systems catalog is used which component of the Integration Builder?
Integration Directory to drive the specific configuration of Integration scenarios. Routing Relations in the Integration Directory point to the Business Systems that are maintained in the System Catalog of the SLD, and through the appropriate association, to the technical systems.
What information is defined in the Software Catalog?
Product: Represents a collection of all versions of a product. In an SAP environment, a product corresponds to an SAP technical component, e.g. 4.6c, 4.6d, 4.7
Software Component: Represents a collection of all versions of a software component. Examples of Software Components are SAP_APPL, SAP_ABA, SAP_HR, etc.
What information is defined in the System Catalog?
Technical System correlates the software to the physical host on which it is installed. Each technical System can have multiple business system associated with it.
Business systems are Logical systems that function as senders and receivers in XI
SAP XI interview questions, sample sap xi certification papers.
